An electric car is an automobile that is propelled by one or more electric motors, using electrical energy stored inrechargeable batteries or another energy storage device. Electric motors give electric cars instant torque, creating strong and smooth acceleration. They are also around three times as efficient as cars with an Internal combustion engine.
The first electric cars were produced in the 1880s.[1] Electric cars were popular in the late 19th century and early 20th century, until advances in internal combustion engines and mass production of cheaper gasoline vehicles led to a decline in the use of electric drive vehicles. The energy crises of the 1970s and 1980s brought a short-lived interest in electric cars; although, those cars did not reach the mass marketing stage, as is the case in the 21st century. Since 2008, a renaissance in electric vehicle manufacturing has occurred due to advances in batteries and energy management, concerns about increasing oil prices, and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.[2][3] Several national and local governments have established tax credits, subsidies, and other incentives to promote the introduction and adoption in the mass market of new electric vehicles depending on battery size and their all-electric range.
Electric cars are typically easy to drive, perform well, and are significantly quieter than conventional internal combustion engine automobiles. They also do not emit tailpipe pollutants,[4] giving a large reduction of local air pollution, and, in many cases, a large reduction in total greenhouse gas and other emissions (dependent on the method used forelectricity generation[2][3]). They also provide for independence from foreign oil, which in several countries is cause for concern about vulnerability to oil price volatility and supplydisruption.[2][5][6] But widespread adoption of electric cars faces several hurdles and limitations, including their current higher purchase cost, patchy recharging infrastructure(other than home charging) and range anxiety (drivers' fear that electric energy stored in the batteries will run out before reaching their destination, due to limited range of most existing electric cars).[2][3] Recharging can take a long time; however, for long distance driving, many cars support fast charging that can give around 80% charge in half an hour, using public fast chargers.[7][8][9]
As of June 2015, the number of mass production highway-capable all-electric passenger cars and utility vans available in the market is limited to over 30 models, mainly in the United States, Japan, Western European countries and China. However, battery price is coming down rapidly and sales are increasing, by May 2015 over 500,000 light-duty electric vehicles have been sold worldwide.[10] As of June 2015, the world's top selling highway-capable electric car is the Nissan Leaf, released in December 2010 and sold in 46 countries, with global sales of over 180,000 units, followed by the Tesla Model S with over 78,000 units sold since 2012.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_car
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